Impact of Various Diseases and Non-Gastrointestinal Medications on Digestive Disorders

Abstract

Background:

Digestive disorders, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), are influenced by a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and systemic factors. This study aimed to assess the associations between non-gastrointestinal comorbidities, medication use, and the prevalence of digestive disorders in the Azeri population of East Azerbaijan, Iran.

Materials and Methods:

A case-control design involving 186 patients with upper gastrointestinal diseases and 185 healthy controls was employed. Data on comorbidities, prescribed medications, and self-medications were collected through structured questionnaires. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-square tests, with significance set at P<0.05. Additionally, confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the Wilson score method.

Results:

 The results demonstrated significant associations between digestive disorders and hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and liver diseases (P<0.05). Allergies were inversely associated with digestive disorders, being more prevalent in the control group (P<0.05). Medication analysis revealed a higher frequency of prescribed antihypertensives, psychotropic drugs, and diabetes medications among patients compared with controls (P<0.05). Self-medication practices, however, were similar between groups.

Conclusion:

This study reveals significant associations between non-gastrointestinal comorbidities and altered risks of digestive disorders. Medication use, such as antihypertensives and psychotropic drugs, also correlated with gastrointestinal risk. These findings highlight the importance of integrated care and the need for further research to uncover underlying mechanisms and develop targeted strategies for prevention and treatment.