Application of Midazolam and Propofol in Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; A Triple-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background:The use of intravenous sedatives is common in gastrointestinal endoscopy. This study is to evaluate the safety and ef_cacy of propofol and/or midazolam in induction of proper sedation in esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) compared with a control group, which does not receive sedation for EGD.

 Methods: Four groups (A, B, C and D) of 30 patients each for whom EGD had been indicated were defined. Group A received no sedative, whereas groups B, C and D received midazolam, propofol and midazolam plus propofol intravenously, respectively. The four groups were compared with each other regarding heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (O₂S), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), duration of endoscopy (DE), patient compliance (CM), retrograde amnesia (RA), antegrade amnesia (AA), patient activity (PA), skin color (SC), patient consciousness (CS), blood _ow (BF), respiration state (RS) and pain.

 Results:Patient compliance, retrograde amnesia, antegrade amnesia, patient activity, patient consciousness and pain were signi_cantly different in our patient groups. On the contrary, no signi_cant difference was found among the four groups regarding heart rate, oxygen saturation, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, duration of endoscopy, skin color, blood _ow and respiratory state.

Conclusion: Based on our _ndings, no sedation is necessary for EGD unless the patient feels anxious and therefore can not cooperate appropriately. For this case, the administration of propofol alone is a priority over  midazolam alone and propofol plus midazolam.