Evaluation of Hepatitis B Transmission Risk Factors in Tehran Blood Donors

Abstract

Introduction and Aims: Considering high prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Iran and need for its prevention, determination of causes and risk factors can help health policy makers in control of disease.

Materials and Methods: All blood donors of Tehran city from April 1997 to March 2000 were studied in a case control design. HBsAg positive donors who were referred to hepatitis consultation office in Tehran blood transfusion center (2447 donors) were compared with 2425 HbsAg negative donors. Demographic factors and high risk behaviors were studied in both groups and in some subjects HBsAg status in donors' mother and spouse was studied.

Results: Factors predicting HBV infection included family history of positive HBsAg, history of blood transfusion, male gender, history of hospitalization, history of unsafe sex and living in city area. There was a significant difference among cases and controls regarding HBsAg status in donors' mother and spouse.

Conclusions: Because of the role of mothers and other family members in transmission of HBV infection, it is important to consider screening of whole family, pregnant women and whole family vaccination for all HBsAg subjects. Adding notice to blood derivatives screening and safe work in hospitals are important steps in HBV prevention. Neonates, couples and at risk people vaccination is another effective step in HBV prevention.